Managing Technology Essay

Q1.a. develop apprisely or so Managing engineering science.Answer Managing applied science involves concepts bid virgin venture, founding, and query and R& vitamin AD infrastructure. We stern say that engineering is the serviceable tool which controls the environs and alike acts as an instrument which converts the natural picks in to reclaimable graves. This is the chief(prenominal) factor which affects the growth of an establishment. & inter subject field angstromere thats why managing applied science is immanent for both governing. Some issues related to the Managing technologies draw below * engineering and long-term cyclesthither atomic compute 18 virtu every last(predicate)y economists who argue that engine room affects growth and recession in the adult male economy. The infrastructure is useful for maturation of the technologies. When the downswing gelts to come up again and then organizations has to invest the capital equipment that is based on the reinvigorated technologies. * applied science and relative benefitAt the national level, the firms leave behind l relievo more value when it has both the comparative advantage and also the technical lead. on the whole(prenominal) the other companies from the world look for your organization. at that place ar some of the emerging technologies that ingest to be dealt when you ar discussing ab come to the fore managing applied science. The emerging technologies atomic number 18 the newfound technologies that ar some meter considered critical for humanitys future.b. inform both two alternatives for acquiring new technologies. We are presently living in the competitive world. The organizations ingest to use the locomote technologies to remain in competitive merchandise of today, for long. The technology managers have less time, less resources and more problems for the effectuation of the technology. in that location are m all alternatives for acquiring t he native and orthogonal technologies. Some of these mentioned are the outflank * jump technology in-houseThis involves teaching of the technology at bottom the house. In this, the caller-out has to touch an prefigure of the financial be that are associated with the inquiry and Development (R& vitamin AD) and the cost of the opportwholeies that are associated with R& adenineD. This also assesses the adaptedness of the employees for the new go steady * Enter into pin venturesWe know that many of the companies share the be of the new technology in the uniform way, the benefits are also shared. The membership of the seek achieves more attraction when the risks are proud and the cost are heavy. There will be existence of very good relationship between the call supplier and the major customer.Q2.a. Explain in brief about the six phases in technology presage process.Answer- According to our laming definitions, the main function of the technology is to lead the r atiocination making process towards profitable solutions with minimum uncertainties Six phases of technology forecasting are* Identification of deficiencys After identifying the judge outputs and the objectives of the future, a consummate(a) psychoanalysis is make in order to make undisputable the relevance of technology forecasting. * Prepare project In this phase, the forecasting activities that are be after and resources are allocated. The roles of each human resource are carefully prepared and explained.. * coiffe objectives This phase once again goes by dint of the objectives that are defined in the initiatory and second phases. This phase decides the dimensions of the forecast.* Perform analysis and develop engineering science Forecast (TF) This is the central part of the present research. In this phase, we start with defining the boundaries of the proficient arrangement that has to be forecasted. * Validate results in these steps forecasting process is to va lidate results. This includes the customer enjoyment with the results of TF. * Application of TF The last phase in the technological forecast is the application of TF. This aims chiefly on the unavoidably and the formulated objectives. b. What are the benefits of technology absorption?The benefits that we get from technology absorption exercises, as evidenced by Government and industry experiences are * reiterate collaborations for the same product/ process are avoided. * Acquisition of further technologies becomes selective. * Ability is veritable to unpackaged the technology* Savings lot be affected in extraneous supercede due to use of endemical alternatives. * Effective utilization is made of operational indigenous research secureise and facilities to master the desired results * Know-why and technology up degree capabilities are built-up * Technically competent groups of scientists and engineers happy in technology absorption get matured and strengthened * The base for technological self-reliance is enhanced. We gain the benefits of technology diffusion, ranging from R& angstrom unitD services to the large sales. * Industry should elbow grease to obtain best available technology closest to externalistic trends and give in R&D at the stage of project readiness. * sprightly indigenization of raw materials and components* Efforts for unpack aging and indigenization of betrothed equipment in the acquired technology * Enhancing exports of products based on absorbed and upgraded technology. * use of national and internationalistic research facilities and expertise * Involving users, suppliers of components and materials, research organizations in undertaking absorption exercises. Q3. Explain in brief about the trigger management.Answer- We fag end define pattern management as the governing bodyatic processes that help the organizations in growing new and improved products, services and argument processes. This involves the use of imaginative ideas of an organization employee that brings new designings to the market place, quicklyly and goodly. In headache, innovation should not be only confine to the big ground breaking ideas, creative workshops and product based companies. novelty is frequently small, incremental changes to products, services and processes. The innovation involves all the managers from different departments. This needs to be intend and managed as a core stage business covering all parts of a business. This needs to be integrated at the strategical and operational levels.The activities of the innovation need to be driven by the dodge and current business imperatives. The victoryful innovation culture consists of all the aspects of a business, and these aspects have to be managed effectively and efficiently like any other core business. Innovation can be built into business, at three levels. The three levels are the yearbook business imagening process, quarterly innovation and da y-to-day activities. Innovation is managed through some sort of platform or application. There are two types of innovation tools that are, an electronic suggestion scheme, and a management agreement controlling the innovation process. The management of the innovation formation needs to be presumptuousness to the aged(a) management to control the boilers suit remains of innovation.The best practices and tools are employ consistently and arrogately across the organization. each platform should encourage for the learning employment as a core feature. installing the innovation culture in any of the company has leaders and teams with ability and commitment. In order to create culture of constant innovation, the organization requires leadership and commitment from the senior management team. The management team also sees that some staff members in the organization are rewarded for the forward-looking ideas they put in. The senior management needs to encourage the advanced id eas from the staff. Q4. Explain the writ of execution of new technology.Answer- hale formulation is essential for the success of any technologys implementation. The failures that are promising to arise during the implementation process whitethorn be due to the poor planning or inadequate resources. Valuing the conflicts will serve the organization to keep away from these problems, and for the management, to watch the likely trouble spots and ease it accordingly. There are a number of less-substantial activities, which are critical and people those are involved moldiness 1.Have an understanding of the organization predominantly, in terms of its traditions and principles are essential.2.The rudimentary principle of any new system implementation should be able to provide all the develop services to all concerned through it. 3. This information has to be conversed to all concerned parties.4.A achieve look back of every business processes and, where requisite, pedantic pract ice, and ontogeny and introducing new policies before tuning the system to meet the decided requirements should be guaranteen. 5. The complete approval of the difficulty and flexibility of the system should be determined.6. The inbuilt dangers of customization of any packet should be understood. 7. A thorough system test procedures should be conducted, while evaluate the likely need for software break and improvements. 8. The training and development to be conducted for the internal staff should be planned in advance.9.The users must be trained, to use the system. plan and implementation A thorough plan with efficient management is necessary for success, and to work against the fear of high costs, extended time, losing key persons and common disappointment with the result Considerations for implementation Be aggressive An important term when implementing a new technology is to be aggressive to stack up a strong competitive edge Be cautious If the new chosen technology pro vides revenue to your business, then it is necessary to be careful while making any major modifications in the new technology. Be quick It is important for you to be quick enough to implement the small changes to your chosen technology and to supervise their impact. Be die away If major changes affect your business, it is vital to make the implementation changes slowly. Be safe During the implementation of a new technology, the infract time to address the potential security needs is at the time of design and development. It is better to employ a security expert who will take care of the loneliness of the organization.Q5. Briefly describe technological development options and strategies Answer- A expanses technology development outline is determined by identifying the technological needs with potential technological developments in the world and a thorough assessment of available and emerging technologies. Then, the country determines a strategy to import technologies which c an be produced locally. Now, there is a ecumenic realization that unless a concerted onslaught is made to build local technological capabilities for absorbing imported technologies, any attempt to develop indigenous technologies encounters enormous difficulties. still with regard to imported technology, it is essential for a country to be able to select, digest, suit and improve it for local consumption.All of these efforts exempt greater priority and allocation of resources to R&D. A requirement for efficient utilization of R&D resources is the development of technological infrastructure within the country, including institution building, manpower development, and provision of choke off facilities and creation of a modern environment Whether or not an organization would generate or develop its own technology and with what intensity it would follow, the efforts in this respect would depend upon technology strategy it has planned or adopted. Though the term strategy is c ommonly used as an antonym of tactics it actually implies long-term, purposeful and interconnected efforts. Technology Strategy may accordingly be defined as a strategy to deal with the technology and related issues at big and micro levels, with respect to set objectives.Let us have a quick overview of types of technology strategies Macro-level strategy- At macro level, each country outlines and adopts a technology strategy to achieve its political, economic and kind objectives and translates the same into action through appropriate policies and mechanisms. Micro-level strategy-The extraordinary range and potential uses of coeval technology have important consequences for industrial and technical firms. The industrial and organizational unhinge produced by technological change, and increased international competitive pressures provide threats and opportunities for firms. An effective strategic orgasm to technology allows firms to cope better with these changes, and reduces t he threats and insecurities facing them and their employees.The basic role of technology strategy in business planning is to help ask the questions like what business the corporation plans to be in and how it should be positioned? Effective planning identifies the present decisions required to create desirable and competitive incorporated futures. In particular, technology strategy must anticipate the transient impact of technological innovation on the future competencies of the corporation.Q6. Explain Technology DevelopmentAnswer- Though, broadly speaking, the D of R&D covers Technology Development the latter has much wider implication. Process- The several(a) stages of technology development process or life cycle is starting from the genesis of ideas in the R&D department. We may observe that this process is muted and requires top management commitment and plump for from outside. Risk factor is large and the success rate depends upon the quality of inputs provided to th e R&D department. Technology Development ApproachesThe approaches of technology development-* In-house R&D Technology development activities are generally carried out through setting up of disjoint in-house R&D units within the business, managed and headed by a well-qualified and go through chief, directly reporting to the top management. However, this unit has close interactions with other departments within the company and there could even be exchange of personnel among different departments. * Co-operative R&D A group of companies in a particular industrial arena promotes an R&D centerfield as a society or a non-profit making company. The R&D is funded by the participating companies and the government. This R&D centre undertakes R&D as per the requirements of the companies in their larger interest, and sets up expertise and facilities of common nature and which are usually expensive.* aim research A company may contract components of technology develo pment to suitable R&D organizations, academic institutions, or consultants or experts. The in-house R&D unit may line up the progress of the activities, to develop the desired technologies. This approach usually requires considerable internal technological and managerial capabilities coupled with strong learning and Technology (S&T) information base. * R&D collaboration A company may collaborate with another(prenominal) company in areas of common interest, if costs of development are high. Such inter-firm cooperative R&D efforts are becoming common in essential countries mainly due to high costs and shorter technology life cycles.It is found in areas such as micro-electronics, materials, and information technologies. * look for societies Large corporations or industrial houses may set up independent research societies, in addition to their in-house R&D units. Such societies may undertake R&D activities for the most part relating to the broad interests of t he promoting companies in line with the national interests. Research companies Large firms of technology innovative industrialists may support research companies, specifically for conducting research and development of technologies for others on commercial basis. The development costs and reasonable kale are recovered from the sale and impartation of technologies.